Students learning in a garden classroom

Curriculum Materials for Sustainable Gardening & Environmental Education

Age-appropriate lesson plans, activities, and resources for educators, schools, and community programs

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Early Childhood Curriculum (Ages 3-6)

Our early childhood curriculum emphasizes sensory exploration, wonder, and the development of positive relationships with the natural world. Activities are playful, engaging multiple senses and fostering curiosity.

Garden Explorers

A sensory-rich introduction to the garden environment, designed to foster wonder and curiosity about plants, soil, and garden creatures.

  • Sensory scavenger hunts
  • Garden texture collections
  • Plant part identification games
  • Soil exploration activities
  • Garden movement games
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Little Sprouts

Simple seed starting and plant growth activities that introduce young children to plant life cycles and basic plant needs.

  • Seed sorting and examination
  • Sprouting beans in bags
  • Simple seed planting
  • Plant growth measurement
  • Plant care routines
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Worm Wonders

A gentle introduction to composting through child-friendly worm bin activities that build comfort with soil organisms.

  • Worm observation trays
  • Feeding the worm bin
  • Worm movement games
  • Soil before-and-after comparisons
  • Worm stories and songs
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Garden Friends

Activities focused on beneficial insects and other garden creatures, fostering appreciation for biodiversity and ecological relationships.

  • Insect observation tools
  • Pollinator puppet play
  • Bug hotel construction
  • Garden helper identification
  • Insect movement games
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Harvest Helpers

Simple harvesting, food preparation, and tasting activities that connect garden experiences to healthy eating.

  • Rainbow harvest hunts
  • Simple salad making
  • Herb sensory exploration
  • Fruit and vegetable tastings
  • Garden-to-plate stories
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Weather Watchers

Activities that help young children observe, track, and respond to weather patterns in the garden throughout the seasons.

  • Weather symbol charts
  • Rain gauge observations
  • Wind sock creation and use
  • Seasonal change documentation
  • Weather impact on plants
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Sample Lesson: Worm Bin Explorers

A gentle introduction to vermicomposting for young children

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, children will be able to:

  • Observe worms with curiosity rather than fear
  • Identify basic worm body parts (head, tail, segments)
  • Understand that worms help turn food scraps into soil
  • Participate in feeding a worm bin

Materials Needed

  • Established worm bin
  • Clear plastic trays
  • Magnifying glasses
  • Spray bottles with water
  • Chopped fruit/vegetable scraps
  • Child-sized gloves (optional)
  • "Wiggly Woo" song lyrics
  • Worm puppet or stuffed toy
  • Chart paper and markers
  • Worm picture books

Preparation

  • Set up a comfortable observation area with trays and magnifying glasses
  • Prepare small containers of food scraps for feeding the worms
  • Draw a simple worm diagram on chart paper
  • Practice the "Wiggly Woo" song and movements

Introduction (10 minutes)

Begin by gathering children in a circle and introducing them to "Wiggly" the worm puppet. Use the puppet to share a simple story about how worms help gardens grow by turning food scraps into rich soil for plants. Ask children what they know about worms and record their ideas on chart paper.

Procedure

  1. Worm Movement (5 minutes): Teach children the "Wiggly Woo" song and have them practice moving like worms—stretching long and contracting short, just like worms move through soil.
  2. Worm Bin Introduction (5 minutes): Show children the worm bin and explain that it's a special home for worms where they eat food scraps and turn them into soil for the garden. Demonstrate how to gently open the bin and look for worms.
  3. Worm Observation (15 minutes): Place a small amount of worm bin contents on clear trays. Help children use magnifying glasses to observe the worms. Guide their observations with simple questions: "What color are the worms?" "How do they move?" "Can you find the head and tail?"
  4. Worm Feeding (10 minutes): Allow each child to add a small amount of food scraps to the worm bin. Explain that worms like to eat fruit and vegetable scraps but not meat, dairy, or oily foods.
  5. Worm Care (5 minutes): Demonstrate how to gently spray water in the bin to keep it moist for the worms. Explain that worms breathe through their skin and need moisture to survive.

Conclusion (10 minutes)

Gather children back in a circle and review what they learned about worms. Create a simple chart together showing what worms need to be healthy (food, moisture, darkness, gentle handling). Read a worm-themed picture book to reinforce concepts.

Assessment

Observe children during the activity and note:

  • Level of comfort handling or observing worms
  • Ability to identify basic worm features
  • Understanding of worms' role in creating soil
  • Participation in worm bin feeding and care

Extensions

  • Create worm-shaped playdough models
  • Compare garden soil with worm castings
  • Plant seeds in cups with and without worm castings to observe differences
  • Create a class book about "Our Worm Friends"
  • Establish a regular worm bin feeding schedule with helper chart

Elementary Curriculum (Ages 7-11)

For elementary-aged learners, our curriculum balances structured learning with discovery and play. Activities develop basic gardening skills, scientific inquiry, and environmental responsibility.

Garden Detectives

Inquiry-based activities that develop observation skills and scientific thinking through garden investigations.

  • Plant growth experiments
  • Soil composition investigations
  • Insect identification and counting
  • Weather impact studies
  • Garden data collection and analysis
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Plant Life Cycles

A comprehensive exploration of plant development from seed to seed, with hands-on growing projects and documentation activities.

  • Seed dissection and classification
  • Germination experiments
  • Plant part functions
  • Pollination activities
  • Seed saving techniques
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Compost Creators

Activities that explore decomposition processes and develop skills in managing different composting systems.

  • Decomposition investigations
  • Compost ingredient sorting
  • Worm bin management
  • Compost temperature monitoring
  • Compost creature identification
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Garden to Plate

Cooking and nutrition activities that connect garden harvests to healthy eating and cultural food traditions.

  • Harvest planning and techniques
  • Simple recipe preparation
  • Food preservation methods
  • Nutritional benefits exploration
  • Cultural food traditions
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Water Wise

Activities focused on water conservation, watershed awareness, and sustainable irrigation techniques.

  • Water cycle modeling
  • Rainfall measurement
  • Irrigation system design
  • Water conservation techniques
  • Watershed mapping
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Garden Habitats

Exploration of garden biodiversity and the creation of habitat features to support wildlife.

  • Habitat assessment tools
  • Pollinator observation protocols
  • Bird feeder construction
  • Insect hotel design
  • Food web modeling
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Sample Lesson: Compost Cake Layers

Building and monitoring a compost system while learning about decomposition

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

  • Identify the key ingredients needed for effective composting
  • Explain the difference between "green" and "brown" compost materials
  • Build a properly layered compost pile
  • Describe the role of decomposers in the composting process
  • Monitor and document changes in a compost system

Materials Needed

  • Compost bin or designated area
  • Collection of "brown" materials (dry leaves, shredded paper, cardboard)
  • Collection of "green" materials (fruit/vegetable scraps, fresh plant trimmings)
  • Garden soil (as "starter")
  • Watering cans
  • Compost thermometers
  • Garden forks or turning tools
  • Gloves for each student
  • Compost monitoring journals
  • Magnifying glasses
  • "Compost Cake Recipe" handouts
  • Digital scale for weighing materials

Preparation

  • Collect and organize compost materials in separate containers
  • Set up a compost building station with clear access to the compost bin
  • Prepare "Compost Cake Recipe" handouts
  • Create a class compost monitoring chart

Introduction (15 minutes)

Begin with a discussion about what happens to food scraps and yard waste when they're thrown away. Introduce the concept of composting as "nature's recycling system" that turns organic waste into valuable soil. Show examples of finished compost and garden soil, allowing students to observe and compare them.

Procedure

  1. Compost Ingredients (20 minutes): Divide students into small groups and give each group samples of different compost materials. Have them sort materials into "greens" (nitrogen-rich) and "browns" (carbon-rich) categories. Discuss the importance of balancing these materials in a compost pile.
  2. Compost Cake Recipe (15 minutes): Distribute the "Compost Cake Recipe" handouts and review the layering process. Explain how each layer contributes to successful decomposition, comparing it to baking a layer cake.
  3. Building the Compost Pile (30 minutes): Take students to the compost area and guide them in building a compost pile following the recipe: starting with a layer of "browns," adding "greens," sprinkling with soil, and moistening with water. Continue layering until all materials are used or the bin is full.
  4. Decomposer Investigation (20 minutes): Examine a sample of mature compost with magnifying glasses to find decomposer organisms. Discuss the role these organisms play in breaking down organic matter.
  5. Monitoring Setup (15 minutes): Demonstrate how to use compost thermometers to measure the internal temperature of the pile. Set up a class monitoring schedule and show students how to record observations in their compost journals.

Conclusion (15 minutes)

Gather students to reflect on the composting process. Create a class prediction chart about how the compost pile will change over time. Discuss how the finished compost will eventually be used in the garden to grow new plants, completing the cycle.

Assessment

  • Ability to correctly categorize materials as "greens" or "browns"
  • Participation in building the compost pile according to the recipe
  • Quality of initial compost journal entries
  • Contributions to class discussions about decomposition
  • Completion of a "Compost Cycle" diagram showing the transformation of waste to garden resource

Extensions

  • Conduct a school waste audit to identify compostable materials
  • Set up experimental mini-compost containers with different ingredient ratios
  • Research and report on decomposer organisms found in the compost
  • Calculate the weight of materials diverted from landfill through composting
  • Design informational posters about composting for the school community

Middle School Curriculum (Ages 12-14)

Our middle school curriculum engages learners' growing capacity for abstract thinking and interest in social issues. Activities emphasize deeper scientific understanding, practical skills, and community connections.

Garden Design & Planning

A project-based unit that guides students through the process of designing, planning, and implementing garden spaces.

  • Site analysis techniques
  • Garden mapping and measurement
  • Plant selection and placement
  • Budget development
  • Implementation planning
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Soil Science

An exploration of soil properties, soil health, and the relationship between soil management and plant productivity.

  • Soil composition analysis
  • Soil testing methods
  • Soil food web investigation
  • Erosion prevention techniques
  • Soil amendment experiments
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Composting Systems

A comprehensive study of different composting methods, with opportunities to design, build, and manage composting systems.

  • Composting method comparisons
  • Compost system design
  • Troubleshooting common problems
  • Compost quality assessment
  • School-wide collection systems
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Food Systems

An investigation of food production, distribution, and access issues, connecting garden activities to broader food system concepts.

  • Food miles calculation
  • Local food system mapping
  • Food access assessment
  • Food preservation techniques
  • Cultural food traditions
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Climate Solutions

Activities that explore the connections between gardening, composting, and climate change mitigation and adaptation.

  • Carbon cycle modeling
  • Climate-friendly gardening practices
  • Water conservation techniques
  • Food waste impact assessment
  • Climate action planning
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Garden Entrepreneurship

A project-based unit that guides students in developing garden-based enterprises that address community needs.

  • Community needs assessment
  • Product/service development
  • Business plan creation
  • Marketing strategies
  • Financial management
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Sample Lesson: Food Miles Investigation

Analyzing the environmental impact of food transportation and exploring local alternatives

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

  • Calculate the distance food travels from production to consumption
  • Analyze the environmental impacts of food transportation
  • Compare the carbon footprint of locally grown versus imported foods
  • Identify local food sources in their community
  • Develop strategies for increasing local food consumption

Materials Needed

  • Food packaging with origin information
  • World and local maps
  • Calculators
  • Internet access for research
  • "Food Miles Worksheet"
  • Carbon footprint calculation tools
  • Graph paper or graphing software
  • Local food system maps (if available)
  • Seasonal food charts
  • Digital cameras or smartphones

Preparation

  • Collect food packaging from diverse sources (grocery store, school cafeteria, home)
  • Prepare "Food Miles Worksheet" with calculation formulas
  • Bookmark reliable websites for food origin research
  • Create a sample food miles calculation as demonstration

Introduction (20 minutes)

Begin by asking students to consider where their food comes from before it reaches their plate. Show examples of food items with distant origins (e.g., bananas from Ecuador, rice from Thailand). Introduce the concept of "food miles" as the distance food travels from where it's grown to where it's consumed, and discuss why this might matter environmentally.

Procedure

  1. Food Origin Investigation (30 minutes): Divide students into small groups and distribute food packaging samples. Have groups identify the origin location for each food item and mark these locations on a world map. For items without clear origin information, guide students in researching likely sources.
  2. Food Miles Calculation (30 minutes): Demonstrate how to calculate the distance between food production locations and your school using online mapping tools. Have students complete the "Food Miles Worksheet" for their assigned food items, calculating total miles traveled and transportation methods used when possible.
  3. Carbon Footprint Analysis (30 minutes): Introduce the concept of carbon footprint as it relates to food transportation. Guide students in using carbon footprint calculators to estimate the emissions associated with transporting their food items. Create a class graph comparing the carbon footprints of different foods based on distance traveled and transportation method.
  4. Local Alternatives Research (30 minutes): Challenge students to identify local alternatives for the distant food items they investigated. Have them research local farms, farmers markets, and community gardens in your area. Create a local food system map showing potential sources within 100 miles of your school.
  5. Seasonal Eating Planning (20 minutes): Discuss how seasonal eating connects to local food systems. Have students create seasonal meal plans using primarily local ingredients, accounting for your region's growing seasons.

Conclusion (20 minutes)

Facilitate a discussion about the benefits and challenges of eating locally. Have students reflect on the trade-offs involved (environmental impact vs. food variety, convenience, cost, etc.). Brainstorm practical steps students can take to reduce the food miles in their own diets.

Assessment

  • Accuracy of food miles calculations
  • Quality of carbon footprint analysis
  • Thoroughness of local alternatives research
  • Practicality of seasonal meal plans
  • Participation in class discussions
  • Completion of a reflection essay on personal food choices and environmental impact

Extensions

  • Conduct a school cafeteria food audit to calculate the average food miles of school meals
  • Develop proposals for increasing local food purchasing at school
  • Interview local farmers about distribution challenges and opportunities
  • Create a public awareness campaign about food miles and local eating
  • Design a school garden plan focused on replacing high food mile items

High School Curriculum (Ages 15-18)

For high school students, our curriculum emphasizes critical thinking, systems understanding, and leadership development. Activities connect environmental issues to social and economic dimensions.

Sustainable Agriculture Systems

An in-depth exploration of agricultural methods, comparing conventional, organic, and agroecological approaches.

  • Agricultural system comparisons
  • Sustainable practice research
  • Experimental design and implementation
  • Yield and impact assessment
  • Agricultural policy analysis
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Food Justice & Sovereignty

A critical examination of food access, equity, and community control in food systems, with emphasis on solution development.

  • Food desert mapping
  • Community food assessment
  • Food justice case studies
  • Traditional food knowledge
  • Food sovereignty projects
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Circular Waste Systems

An advanced study of waste management approaches that transform "waste" into resources through circular economy principles.

  • Waste stream analysis
  • Advanced composting systems
  • Biogas generation
  • Upcycling design
  • Zero waste planning
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Climate Resilience

Activities focused on understanding climate impacts on food systems and developing adaptation and mitigation strategies.

  • Climate impact assessment
  • Resilient garden design
  • Water management systems
  • Carbon farming techniques
  • Climate action planning
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Community Food Projects

A project-based unit guiding students through the process of developing and implementing community food initiatives.

  • Community needs assessment
  • Participatory project design
  • Partnership development
  • Project management
  • Impact evaluation
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Food System Innovation

An exploration of emerging approaches to sustainable food production, with opportunities for student innovation.

  • Urban agriculture models
  • Controlled environment systems
  • Alternative protein sources
  • Food technology assessment
  • Innovation design process
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Sample Lesson: Community Food Assessment

Analyzing local food environments and developing strategies to address food access challenges

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

  • Conduct a systematic assessment of community food resources
  • Analyze spatial patterns of food access and food insecurity
  • Identify structural factors that influence food environments
  • Evaluate the quality, affordability, and cultural appropriateness of available food
  • Develop evidence-based strategies to address food access challenges

Materials Needed

  • Community maps (digital or paper)
  • Food retail assessment forms
  • Digital cameras or smartphones
  • Transportation access data
  • Census demographic information
  • GIS software or mapping tools
  • Interview and survey templates
  • Data analysis tools
  • Community asset mapping guides
  • Case studies of food access initiatives

Preparation

  • Identify assessment boundaries and create base maps
  • Develop assessment protocols and data collection tools
  • Arrange transportation for field research if needed
  • Secure permissions for retail establishment visits
  • Compile demographic and economic data for the study area
  • Identify community partners for interviews

Introduction (45 minutes)

Begin with a discussion of food access as a multidimensional concept that includes physical proximity, affordability, quality, and cultural appropriateness. Introduce the concept of "food environments" as the physical, social, economic, and policy factors that influence food choices. Present examples of food environment disparities and their health implications. Outline the community food assessment process and its role in developing effective interventions.

Procedure

  1. Assessment Planning (60 minutes): Divide students into research teams with specific focus areas (e.g., retail environment, transportation access, community assets, institutional food). Have each team develop research questions, identify data sources, and create data collection tools for their focus area.
  2. Food Retail Mapping (Field Trip - 3 hours): Conduct field research to document all food retail outlets in the study area. For each location, record type of establishment, hours, products offered, prices of standard items, quality of fresh produce, and cultural food availability. Take photographs to document observations.
  3. Transportation Analysis (60 minutes): Analyze public transportation routes in relation to food retail locations. Calculate walking distances from residential areas to food sources. Identify transportation barriers for different community segments.
  4. Community Perspectives (90 minutes): Conduct interviews or focus groups with community members about their food access experiences, challenges, and strategies. Alternatively, analyze existing community input data from partner organizations.
  5. Data Analysis (90 minutes): Compile and analyze assessment data. Create maps showing the spatial distribution of food resources in relation to population density, income levels, and transportation routes. Calculate food access metrics such as percentage of population within walking distance of fresh food.
  6. Asset Mapping (60 minutes): Identify community assets that could support improved food access, including community gardens, farmers markets, food assistance programs, community kitchens, and potential partners for new initiatives.

Conclusion (90 minutes)

Based on assessment findings, have student teams develop evidence-based recommendations for improving food access in the community. Recommendations should address multiple dimensions of access and leverage identified community assets. Create presentation materials to share findings and recommendations with community stakeholders.

Assessment

  • Quality and thoroughness of data collection
  • Depth of data analysis and interpretation
  • Integration of multiple food access dimensions
  • Consideration of equity and cultural factors
  • Feasibility and potential impact of recommendations
  • Quality of final presentation materials
  • Reflection on personal learning and perspective changes

Extensions

  • Present findings to community organizations or local government
  • Develop a detailed implementation plan for one recommended strategy
  • Create a public education campaign about food access issues
  • Design a pilot project to address a specific food access challenge
  • Conduct comparative research on food environments in different neighborhoods
  • Analyze policy factors influencing local food environments

Adult Education Curriculum

Our adult education curriculum respects learners' existing knowledge and experiences while building new skills and understanding. Activities are practical, immediately applicable, and connected to community needs.

Sustainable Gardening Fundamentals

A comprehensive introduction to ecological gardening principles and practices for beginning gardeners.

  • Site assessment and planning
  • Soil building techniques
  • Plant selection and care
  • Integrated pest management
  • Season extension methods
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Advanced Growing Techniques

Specialized modules for experienced gardeners looking to enhance productivity, sustainability, and resilience.

  • Intensive planting methods
  • Seed saving and plant breeding
  • Perennial food systems
  • Water-wise gardening
  • Ecological pest management
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Composting Systems Design

A practical guide to designing, implementing, and managing various composting systems for different contexts.

  • Composting method selection
  • System design and construction
  • Process management
  • Troubleshooting and solutions
  • Compost application strategies
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Community Garden Leadership

Tools and strategies for developing and managing successful community garden projects.

  • Participatory planning processes
  • Governance structure development
  • Conflict resolution strategies
  • Resource mobilization
  • Community engagement techniques
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Garden-Based Education

Methods and materials for using gardens as educational spaces for diverse learners.

  • Educational garden design
  • Curriculum integration strategies
  • Activity facilitation techniques
  • Inclusive teaching approaches
  • Program evaluation methods
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Food Preservation & Processing

Techniques for extending the life of garden harvests through various preservation and processing methods.

  • Safe canning practices
  • Fermentation techniques
  • Drying and dehydration
  • Freezing methods
  • Value-added product development
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Sample Workshop: Community Composting System Design

A participatory workshop for developing appropriate composting systems for community settings

Learning Objectives

By the end of this workshop, participants will be able to:

  • Assess community needs and constraints for composting systems
  • Compare different composting methods based on specific criteria
  • Design a composting system appropriate for their community context
  • Develop management protocols for system maintenance
  • Create an implementation and monitoring plan

Materials Needed

  • Composting method comparison charts
  • System design worksheets
  • Sample materials from different systems
  • Design templates and examples
  • Cost estimation worksheets
  • Management protocol templates
  • Implementation planning guides
  • Monitoring forms
  • Troubleshooting guides
  • Case study documentation

Preparation

  • Gather examples of different composting systems (photos, videos, models)
  • Prepare case studies of successful community composting projects
  • Develop worksheets and planning templates
  • Arrange for site visit to existing composting systems if possible

Introduction (30 minutes)

Begin with participant introductions focused on their composting experience and community context. Present an overview of community composting benefits and challenges. Introduce the workshop process as a step-by-step approach to developing context-appropriate composting systems.

Procedure

  1. Context Assessment (45 minutes): Guide participants through a structured assessment of their community context, including available space, material inputs, human resources, climate considerations, and end-use goals. Have participants work in small groups if they're from the same community or individually if they represent different sites.
  2. Composting Methods Overview (60 minutes): Present different composting methods (traditional pile, bin systems, tumblers, in-vessel systems, vermicomposting, etc.) with their advantages, limitations, and resource requirements. Provide examples of each system in community settings.
  3. Method Selection (45 minutes): Facilitate a decision-making process to help participants select appropriate composting methods based on their context assessment. Use a weighted criteria matrix to evaluate options against factors like space requirements, labor needs, processing time, cost, and skill level.
  4. System Design (90 minutes): Guide participants in developing detailed designs for their selected composting systems. Include system dimensions, materials, construction details, signage, and site integration. Provide templates and examples to support the design process.
  5. Management Protocol Development (60 minutes): Help participants create management protocols for their composting systems, including material collection, processing procedures, monitoring practices, troubleshooting guidelines, and harvest/application methods.
  6. Implementation Planning (45 minutes): Support participants in developing implementation plans that include timeline, budget, resource procurement, construction process, community engagement, and training components.

Conclusion (45 minutes)

Have participants present their composting system designs and implementation plans to the group for feedback. Facilitate a discussion of potential challenges and solutions. Provide resources for ongoing support and connect participants with a network of community composting practitioners.

Assessment

  • Thoroughness of context assessment
  • Appropriateness of method selection for specific context
  • Practicality and completeness of system design
  • Comprehensiveness of management protocols
  • Feasibility of implementation plan
  • Participation in group discussions and feedback

Follow-Up Support

  • Technical assistance during implementation phase
  • Site visits to assess system functionality
  • Troubleshooting consultations as needed
  • Community of practice connections
  • Advanced training opportunities
  • Documentation support for project sharing

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